Mosquitoes and biting midges (genus Culicoides and sometimes erroneously called sand flies) can reach sufficient numbers in various localities to be considered serious pests. The bites themselves can be painful and extremely annoying, and people suffer varying degrees of reaction to bites (Lee 1975). However the possibility of the spread of various diseases by their blood sucking habits to either humans or animals is a more serious outcome. Mosquitoes can carry viruses such as Murray Valley encephalitis, Kunjin, Ross River, and Barmah Forest virus which cause human disease (Russell 1995). Biting midges do not carry any pathogens in Australia that cause human disease.Biting insects create problems in the enjoyment of outdoor activities, causing a reluctance to enter certain areas after sundown or forcing people to be confined to insect-proof areas at certain times of the year. Personal protection and avoidance measures can offer considerable protection from bites, as well as offering protection against mosquito-borne disease.