Davies, Jane; Li,  Shu Qin; Tong SYC; Beaman M; Baird, Robert; Higgins G; Cowie BC; Condon JR; Davis JS

Author(s)

Davies, Jane

Li, Shu Qin

Tong SYC

Beaman M

Baird, Robert

Higgins G

Cowie BC

Condon JR

Davis JS

Publication Date

2017-09-08

Abstract

Indigenous populations globally are disproportionately affected by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection however contemporary sero-prevalence data are often absent. In the Indigenous population of the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia the unique C4 sub-genotype of HBV universally circulates. There are no studies of the sero-prevalence, nor the impact of the vaccination program (which has a serotype mismatch compared to C4), at a population-wide level. We examined all available HBV serology results obtained from the three main laboratories serving NT residents between 1991 and 2011. Data were linked with a NT government database to determine Indigenous status and the most recent test results for each individual were extracted as a cross-sectional database including 88,112 unique individuals. The primary aim was to obtain a contemporary estimate of HBsAg positivity for the NT by Indigenous status. Based on all tests from 2007-2011 (35,633 individuals), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was 3·40% (95%CI 3·19-3·61), being higher in Indigenous (6·08%[5·65%-6·53%]) than non-Indigenous (1·56%[1·38%-1·76%]) Australians, p<0·0001. Birth cohort analysis showed HBsAg positivity fell over time for Indigenous people, with this decrease commencing prior to universal infant vaccination (which commenced in 1990), with an ongoing but slower rate of decline since 1990, (0·23% decrease per year versus 0·17%). HBsAg positivity is high in the NT, particularly in the Indigenous population. HBsAg positivity has fallen over time but a substantial part of this decrease is due to factors other than the universal vaccination program.

Citation

PLoS One . 2017 Sep 8;12(9):e0184082. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184082. eCollection 2017.

OrcId

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3843-837X

Pubmed ID

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28886050/?otool=iaurydwlib

Link

https://hdl.handle.net/10137/5195

MESH subject

Adult

Cross-Sectional Studies

Female

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B Antibodies

Hepatitis B Surface Antigens

Hepatitis B virus

Humans

Immunization Programs

Male

Middle Aged

Northern Territory

Population Groups

Prevalence

Retrospective Studies

Seroepidemiologic Studies

Vaccination

Young Adult

Population Surveillance

Title

Establishing contemporary trends in hepatitis B sero-epidemiology in an Indigenous population.

Type of document

Journal Article

Entity Type

Publication

Author(s)	Davies, Jane Li, Shu Qin Tong SYC Beaman M Baird, Robert Higgins G Cowie BC Condon JR Davis JS
Publication Date	2017-09-08
Abstract	Indigenous populations globally are disproportionately affected by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection however contemporary sero-prevalence data are often absent. In the Indigenous population of the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia the unique C4 sub-genotype of HBV universally circulates. There are no studies of the sero-prevalence, nor the impact of the vaccination program (which has a serotype mismatch compared to C4), at a population-wide level. We examined all available HBV serology results obtained from the three main laboratories serving NT residents between 1991 and 2011. Data were linked with a NT government database to determine Indigenous status and the most recent test results for each individual were extracted as a cross-sectional database including 88,112 unique individuals. The primary aim was to obtain a contemporary estimate of HBsAg positivity for the NT by Indigenous status. Based on all tests from 2007-2011 (35,633 individuals), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was 3·40% (95%CI 3·19-3·61), being higher in Indigenous (6·08%[5·65%-6·53%]) than non-Indigenous (1·56%[1·38%-1·76%]) Australians, p<0·0001. Birth cohort analysis showed HBsAg positivity fell over time for Indigenous people, with this decrease commencing prior to universal infant vaccination (which commenced in 1990), with an ongoing but slower rate of decline since 1990, (0·23% decrease per year versus 0·17%). HBsAg positivity is high in the NT, particularly in the Indigenous population. HBsAg positivity has fallen over time but a substantial part of this decrease is due to factors other than the universal vaccination program.
Citation	PLoS One . 2017 Sep 8;12(9):e0184082. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184082. eCollection 2017.
OrcId	http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3843-837X
Pubmed ID	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28886050/?otool=iaurydwlib
Link	https://hdl.handle.net/10137/5195
MESH subject	Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Female Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis B virus Humans Immunization Programs Male Middle Aged Northern Territory Population Groups Prevalence Retrospective Studies Seroepidemiologic Studies Vaccination Young Adult Population Surveillance
Title	Establishing contemporary trends in hepatitis B sero-epidemiology in an Indigenous population.
Type of document	Journal Article
Entity Type	Publication

Establishing contemporary trends in hepatitis B sero-epidemiology in an Indigenous population.

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