Fisher, Dale; Howard, Diane; Currie, Bart; Burrow, James; Lo, David; Selva-Nayagam S; Anstey, Nicholas; Huffam, Sarah; Snelling PL; Marks PJ; Stephens, Dianne; Lum GD; Jacups SP; Krause, Vicki

Author(s)

Fisher, Dale

Howard, Diane

Currie, Bart

Burrow, James

Lo, David

Selva-Nayagam S

Anstey, Nicholas

Huffam, Sarah

Snelling PL

Marks PJ

Stephens, Dianne

Lum GD

Jacups SP

Krause, Vicki

Publication Date

2000-10-01

Abstract

In a prospective study of melioidosis in northern Australia, 252 cases were found over 10 years. Of these, 46% were bacteremic, and 49 (19%) patients died. Despite administration of ceftazidime or carbapenems, mortality was 86% (43 of 50 patients) among those with septic shock. Pneumonia accounted for 127 presentations (50%) and genitourinary infections for 37 (15%), with 35 men (18%) having prostatic abscesses. Other presentations included skin abscesses (32 patients; 13%), osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis (9; 4%), soft tissue abscesses (10; 4%), and encephalomyelitis (10; 4%). Risk factors included diabetes (37%), excessive alcohol intake (39%), chronic lung disease (27%), chronic renal disease (10%), and consumption of kava (8%). Only 1 death occurred among the 51 patients (20%) with no risk factors (relative risk, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.58). Intensive therapy with ceftazidime or carbapenems, followed by at least 3 months of eradication therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was associated with decreased mortality. Strategies are needed to decrease the high mortality with melioidosis septic shock. Preliminary data on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy are very encouraging.

Citation

Clin Infect Dis . 2000 Oct;31(4):981-6. doi: 10.1086/318116. Epub 2000 Oct 25.

ISSN

1058-4838

Pubmed ID

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11049780/?otool=iaurydwlib

Link

https://hdl.handle.net/10137/6840

MESH subject

Adolescent

Adult

Aged

Aged, 80 and over

Child

Child, Preschool

Female

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

Humans

Infant

Male

Melioidosis

Middle Aged

Northern Territory

Prospective Studies

Risk Factors

Shock, Septic

Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Tropical Climate

Title

Endemic melioidosis in tropical northern Australia: a 10-year prospective study and review of the literature.

Type of document

Journal Article

Entity Type

Publication

Author(s)	Fisher, Dale Howard, Diane Currie, Bart Burrow, James Lo, David Selva-Nayagam S Anstey, Nicholas Huffam, Sarah Snelling PL Marks PJ Stephens, Dianne Lum GD Jacups SP Krause, Vicki
Publication Date	2000-10-01
Abstract	In a prospective study of melioidosis in northern Australia, 252 cases were found over 10 years. Of these, 46% were bacteremic, and 49 (19%) patients died. Despite administration of ceftazidime or carbapenems, mortality was 86% (43 of 50 patients) among those with septic shock. Pneumonia accounted for 127 presentations (50%) and genitourinary infections for 37 (15%), with 35 men (18%) having prostatic abscesses. Other presentations included skin abscesses (32 patients; 13%), osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis (9; 4%), soft tissue abscesses (10; 4%), and encephalomyelitis (10; 4%). Risk factors included diabetes (37%), excessive alcohol intake (39%), chronic lung disease (27%), chronic renal disease (10%), and consumption of kava (8%). Only 1 death occurred among the 51 patients (20%) with no risk factors (relative risk, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.58). Intensive therapy with ceftazidime or carbapenems, followed by at least 3 months of eradication therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was associated with decreased mortality. Strategies are needed to decrease the high mortality with melioidosis septic shock. Preliminary data on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy are very encouraging.
Citation	Clin Infect Dis . 2000 Oct;31(4):981-6. doi: 10.1086/318116. Epub 2000 Oct 25.
ISSN	1058-4838
Pubmed ID	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11049780/?otool=iaurydwlib
Link	https://hdl.handle.net/10137/6840
MESH subject	Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Child Child, Preschool Female Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Humans Infant Male Melioidosis Middle Aged Northern Territory Prospective Studies Risk Factors Shock, Septic Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination Tropical Climate
Title	Endemic melioidosis in tropical northern Australia: a 10-year prospective study and review of the literature.
Type of document	Journal Article
Entity Type	Publication

Endemic melioidosis in tropical northern Australia: a 10-year prospective study and review of the literature.

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