Niyangoda, Dhakshila

Aung, Myat Lin

Qader, Mallique

Tesfaye, Wubshet

Bushell, Mary

Chiong, Fabian

Tsai, Danny

Ahmad, Danish

Samarawickrema, Indira

Sinnollareddy, Mahipal

Thomas, Jackson

2024-10-30

Two major bacterial pathogens, and , are becoming increasingly antibiotic-resistant. Despite the urgency, only a few new antibiotics have been approved to address these infections. Although cannabinoids have been noted for their antibacterial properties, a comprehensive review of their effects on these bacteria has been lacking.This systematic review examines the antibacterial activity of cannabinoids against , including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) strains, and .Databases, including CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS, were searched. Of 3510 records, 24 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of cannabinoids.Cannabidiol (CBD) emerged as the most effective cannabinoid, with MICs ranging from 0.65 to 32 mg/L against , 0.5 to 4 mg/L for MRSA, and 1 to 2 mg/L for VRSA. Other cannabinoids, such as cannabichromene, cannabigerol (CBG), and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), also exhibited significant antistaphylococcal activity. CBD, CBG, and Δ9-THC also showed efficacy against , with MICs between 0.6 and 50 mg/L. Synergistic effects were observed when CBD and essential oils from when combined with other antibacterial agents.Cannabinoids' antibacterial potency is closely linked to their structure-activity relationships, with features like the monoterpene region, aromatic alkyl side chain, and aromatic carboxylic groups enhancing efficacy, particularly in CBD and its cyclic forms. These results highlight the potential of cannabinoids in developing therapies for resistant strains, though further research is needed to confirm their clinical effectiveness.

Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka.

Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.

Institute for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.

Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The Canberra Hospital, Garran, ACT 2605, Australia.

School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Alice Springs, NT 0870, Australia.

University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia.

Pharmacy Department, Alice Springs Hospital, Central Australian Region Health Service, Alice Springs, NT 0870, Australia.

School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

Strategy Coaching and Research Consulting Pty Ltd., O'Malley, ACT 2606, Australia.

Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.

Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.

Antibiotics (Basel) . 2024 Oct 30;13(11):1023. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13111023.

2079-6382

0000-0002-5206-6381

0000-0003-0817-3435

0000-0001-7208-2330

0000-0002-9262-0113

0000-0001-7891-3756

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39596719/?otool=iaurydwlib

https://hdl.handle.net/10137/13839

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

antibacterial

antimicrobial resistance

cannabinoids

dermatological conditions

infection

infectious skin diseases

medicinal cannabis

skin infections

Cannabinoids as Antibacterial Agents: A Systematic and Critical Review of In Vitro Efficacy Against Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.

Journal Article

Publication