Title
Cannabinoids as Antibacterial Agents: A Systematic and Critical Review of In Vitro Efficacy Against Streptococcus and Staphylococcus.
Link to article in PubMed
Author(s)
Niyangoda, Dhakshila
Aung, Myat Lin
Qader, Mallique
Tesfaye, Wubshet
Bushell, Mary
Chiong, Fabian
Ahmad, Danish
Samarawickrema, Indira
Sinnollareddy, Mahipal
Thomas, Jackson
Abstract
Two major bacterial pathogens, and , are becoming increasingly antibiotic-resistant. Despite the urgency, only a few new antibiotics have been approved to address these infections. Although cannabinoids have been noted for their antibacterial properties, a comprehensive review of their effects on these bacteria has been lacking.This systematic review examines the antibacterial activity of cannabinoids against , including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) strains, and .Databases, including CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS, were searched. Of 3510 records, 24 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of cannabinoids.Cannabidiol (CBD) emerged as the most effective cannabinoid, with MICs ranging from 0.65 to 32 mg/L against , 0.5 to 4 mg/L for MRSA, and 1 to 2 mg/L for VRSA. Other cannabinoids, such as cannabichromene, cannabigerol (CBG), and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), also exhibited significant antistaphylococcal activity. CBD, CBG, and Δ9-THC also showed efficacy against , with MICs between 0.6 and 50 mg/L. Synergistic effects were observed when CBD and essential oils from when combined with other antibacterial agents.Cannabinoids' antibacterial potency is closely linked to their structure-activity relationships, with features like the monoterpene region, aromatic alkyl side chain, and aromatic carboxylic groups enhancing efficacy, particularly in CBD and its cyclic forms. These results highlight the potential of cannabinoids in developing therapies for resistant strains, though further research is needed to confirm their clinical effectiveness.
Publication information
Antibiotics (Basel) . 2024 Oct 30;13(11):1023. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13111023.
Date Issued
2024-10-30
Type
Journal Article
Journal Title
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
Permanent link to this record
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