Singh, Jagtar

Ramamoorthi, Ramya

Baxi, Siddhartha

Jayaraj, Rama

Thomas, Mahiban

2014-01-01

The purpose of this article is to provide a descriptive review of risk factors of head and neck cancer (HNC), with particular interest in their general patterns in Australia. All these risk factors are deeply perplexing, with socioeconomic, cultural, and geographic variables. We reviewed articles from PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar by using keywords such as risk factors, alcohol, tobacco, human papilloma virus (HPV), environmental risk factors, and other risk factors. We selected relevant articles after they completely fit into the inclusion criteria for this review. Previous reports highlight that smoking tobacco, consuming alcohol, and HPV infection are the major risk factors for HNC. Geographical variations in incidence rates are indicative of differences in the prevalence of risk factors among countries. HNC could be prevented by reducing the prevalence of established risk factors.

J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol . 2014;33(1):45-57. doi: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2014010130.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24579809/?otool=iaurydwlib

https://hdl.handle.net/10137/5612

Adult

Aged

Alcohol Drinking

Australia

Environment

Female

Geography

Head and Neck Neoplasms

Humans

Male

Middle Aged

Papillomavirus Infections

Prevalence

Risk Factors

Sex Factors

Smoking

Survival Rate

The risk factors of head and neck cancer and their general patterns in Australia: a descriptive review and update.

Journal Article

Publication