The last indigenous case of malaria in the N. T. was in 1962 at Roper River (Whelan, 1991). However, the N.T. remains receptive to the reintroduction of malaria above the 19° parallel because of the presence of Anopheles vector mosquitoes and environmental conditions suitable for malaria transmission. Urban areas of Darwin
adjacent to Leanyer Swamp, rural areas of Darwin, other regional centres ( e.g. Jabiru and Nhulunbuy) and smaller communities are the most receptive as they are usually near large sources of Anopheles mosquitoes.
The tourist season in the earlier to mid dry season coincides with the peak abundance of Anopheles farauti s.1. and other potential vector species. Little control is possible in the smaller towns, rural areas or tourist camping areas. Therefore, the main strategy for mosquito borne disease prevention in non-urban areas are public awareness programs aimed at self protection.