The Northern Territory (NT) has the highest rates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Australia; however, the local prevalence of () has not been previously determined. This study was designed to review detection, to determine the regional NT prevalence and macrolide resistance rates. In our study the NT background prevalence of is 13%, with the highest detection rates occurring in central Australia and in correctional facility inmates. Symptomatic patients attending sexual health clinics have a positivity rate of 12%, but very high macrolide resistance. The decision to screen for should be based on several factors, including the prevalence of the infection in the local population; the availability of effective treatments; and the potential benefits and risks of detection and therapy.