This report is the second burden of disease (BOD) study for the Northern Territory (NT), and applies the methodology used in the most recent Australian BOD study. The report provides a comprehensive assessment for 177 conditions over the period from 1999 to 2003. It includes information on the health care needs of Territorians by major disease and injury category and by demographic characteristics (age, sex and Aboriginality), comparisons with the national average using age standardised disability adjusted life years (DALY) rates, and the contribution of 17 risk factors for the common conditions. The risk factors include low socio-economic status, obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco and alcohol. This document is based on The burden of disease and injury in Australia 2003 by S Begg, T Vos, B Barker, C Stevenson, L Stanley and AD Lopez, Canberra, Aust. Institute of Health and Welfare, 2007, which can be found at http://www.aihw.gov.au/publications/index.cfm/title/10317.