The aboriginal communities of Milingimbi and Ramingining are situated on the north coast of the Northern Territory within the Arnhem Land Reserve, approximately 440 kilometres east of Darwin.
Milingimbi community is sited on the coast of Milingimbi Island, the largest of the Crocodile Islands group which
is separated from the mainland by a relatively narrow strait. The island is bounded almost entirely by
mangrove forest and salt marsh flats and the community is situated on a small dune area and adjacent low-lying land on the eastern side.
Ramingining community is approximately 24 kilometres due south of Milingimbi community and lies in medium density forest about three (3) kilometres due west of the Arafura Swamp (Muckaninnie plains), see location map.
The populations of the conununities at the time of the surveys were approximately 700 for Milingimbi and 200 in
Ramingining.