This factsheet examines the prevalence of major chronic conditions among Northern Territory (NT) adults using 2021 Census data, exploring patterns and relationships with socio-demographic determinants in the NT. It highlights significant disparities across age, sex, Aboriginal status, education, employment, and income, with a greater burden among disadvantaged groups. The findings also indicate potential under-reporting in Census data, underscoring the need for cautious interpretation and improved data integration for health policy and planning.